IN VITRO EFFICACY OF TOPICAL ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS

Abstract

AIM OF THE RESEARCH: In vitro efficacy of topical antimicrobial drugs Objective: The main aim of this research was to determine the susceptibility of bacterial isolates which are that most frueqent causative agents of localized infections in UHC Split in 2020 to certain topical antimicrobial drugs and to determine which of the antibiotics tested is the best choice for empirical treatment of these infections.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this retrospective study the data of susceptibility to topical antimicrobial drugs (aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, chloramphenicol, colistin and mupirocin) of certain types of bacteria that are the most common causes of localized infections were analyzed. Bacterial isolates included were Escherichia coli and ESBL E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae (including Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL strains), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Staphylococcus aureus (including MRSA). Sensitivity was examined by disk diffusion method, and for colistin by broth dilution method.

RESULTS: The results showed high resistance rates of Escherichia coli to the antibiotics ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, and the lowest rates to chloramphenicol and colistin. Compared with Escherichia coli, the ESBL-producing strain of Escherichia coli showed significantly higher resistance to all tested antibiotics except colistin and chloramphenicol. Strains of Klebsiella penumoniae were the most resistant to the antibiotic tobramycin, and the least resistant to chloramphenicol and colistin. ESBL-producing strains of this bacterium were significantly more resistant to all tested antibiotics except chloramphenicol and colistin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most resistant to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, and least to colistin. Acinetobacter baumanni strains were the most resistant to levofloxacin and the least to colistin. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were the most resistant to levofloxacin and the most sensitive to chloramphenicol and norfloxacin. MRSA strains were most resistant to levofloxacin in significantly higher percentages than MSSA strains, and showed the highest sensitivity to mupirocin.

CONCLUSION: The data from this study follow the global trends of increasing resistance, and can be assumed that this number will increase in the future.